POST-MENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS Osteoporosis in females after menopause. After menopause there is accelerated decrease in bone density (approximately 3 times than healthy adults) because of hormone dysregulation. These leads to abnormal bone architecture with decreased trabecular bone. For example, a building pillar is composed of steel frame and concrete in between, if steel frame is decreased then the overall strength of pillar is decreased. Same happens in osteoporosis, the frame is not only decreased but abnormal. These causes fragility fractures (fractures occuring due to trivial trauma) especially at shoulder, wrist, hip and spine. Before fragility fractures patient have symptoms like bone pains, back pain, rib pain. If detected early treatment can be started and fragility fractures avoided. For fragility fractures treatment is surgical.