GANGLION A ganglion cyst is a noncancerous lump that commonly develops along the tendons or joints of the wrists or hands, but it can also occur in the ankles or feet. Here are key points for understanding, managing, and treating ganglion cysts: 1. Causes: - The exact cause is unknown, but they may develop due to joint or tendon irritation or trauma. - They are filled with a jelly-like fluid and often arise from the tissues surrounding a joint, such as ligaments, tendon sheaths, and joint linings. 2. Symptoms: - A visible lump or bump, which can vary in size and may change size over time. (a) Pain or discomfort, especially if the cyst presses on a nearby nerve. (b) Limited range of motion in the affected joint. (c) Sometimes, they are asymptomatic and cause no pain. Management and Treatment: 1. Non-Surgical Treatments: (a) Observation: Many ganglion cysts are painless and do not require treatment. They can disappear on their own. (b) Immobilization: Wearing a brace or splint to limit movement can help reduce cyst size and alleviate symptoms. (c) Aspiration: Using a needle to drain the fluid from the cyst. This procedure can provide relief, but cysts often recur. 2. Minimally Invasive Procedures: (a) Aspiration with Steroid Injection: After aspiration, a corticosteroid injection may be administered to reduce inflammation and recurrence. 3. Surgical Treatments: (a) Excision: Surgical removal of the cyst and its stalk. This is considered if the cyst is painful, interferes with function, or recurs after aspiration. Surgery is typically performed on an outpatient basis and has a higher success rate in preventing recurrence than aspiration alone.